—
\ntitle: “BMS \u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\uff1a\u7535\u538b\u3001\u7535\u6d41\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u91c7\u6837\u65b9\u6848\u8be6\u89e3”
\ndate: 2026-08-12
\ncategory: BMS\u6838\u5fc3
\ntags: [\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6, \u91c7\u6837, BMS\u6280\u672f]
\nslug: bms-data-acquisition-sampling
\nexcerpt: \u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790 BMS \u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u7535\u82af\u7535\u538b\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7535\u6d41\u91c7\u6837\u4e0e\u591a\u70b9\u6e29\u5ea6\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca AFE \u82af\u7247\u9009\u578b\u8981\u70b9\u3002
\n—<\/p>\n
# BMS \u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\uff1a\u7535\u538b\u3001\u7535\u6d41\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u91c7\u6837\u65b9\u6848\u8be6\u89e3<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7535\u6c60\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08BMS\uff09\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c**\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u662f\u4e09\u5927\u91cf\u5316\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e00**\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\uff0cSOC \u4f30\u7b97\u3001SOH \u9884\u6d4b\u3001\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u62a4\u90fd\u65e0\u4ece\u8c08\u8d77\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u7edf\u68b3\u7406 BMS \u4e2d\u7535\u538b\u3001\u7535\u6d41\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e09\u7c7b\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u91c7\u96c6\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ece\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u9009\u578b\u5230 AFE \u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5efa\u7acb\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
## 1. BMS \u91c7\u96c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u603b\u89c8<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684 BMS \u91c7\u96c6\u94fe\u8def\u53ef\u7528\u4e0b\u56fe\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
“`
\n\u7535\u82af \u2192 \u6a21\u62df\u524d\u7aef (AFE) \u2192 ADC \u2192 \u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668 \u2192 MCU \u2192 \u7b97\u6cd5\u5c42
\n \u2191 \u2191
\n \u6e29\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668 \u7535\u6d41\u4f20\u611f\u5668
\n“`<\/p>\n
\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e3a\u4e09\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
| \u6307\u6807 | \u5178\u578b\u8981\u6c42 | \u8bf4\u660e |
\n|——|———-|——|
\n| **\u7535\u538b\u7cbe\u5ea6** | \u00b11~5mV | \u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd SOC \u4f30\u7b97\u8bef\u5dee |
\n| **\u7535\u6d41\u7cbe\u5ea6** | \u00b10.5%~1% FS | \u5e93\u4ed1\u8ba1\u6570\u7684\u57fa\u7840 |
\n| **\u6e29\u5ea6\u7cbe\u5ea6** | \u00b11~2\u00b0C | \u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u62a4 |
\n| **\u91c7\u6837\u901f\u7387** | 10~100Hz (\u7535\u538b) \/ 1~10kHz (\u7535\u6d41) | \u77ac\u6001\u4fdd\u62a4\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u54cd\u5e94 |<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
## 2. \u7535\u82af\u7535\u538b\u91c7\u96c6<\/p>\n
### 2.1 \u91c7\u96c6\u62d3\u6251<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u4e32\u7535\u6c60\u7ec4\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u91c7\u96c6\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u4e3b\u6d41\u62d3\u6251\uff1a<\/p>\n
#### \uff081\uff09\u83ca\u82b1\u94fe\u67b6\u6784\uff08Daisy Chain\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4ee5 ADI LTC6811 \u7cfb\u5217\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a AFE \u82af\u7247\u7ba1\u7406 6~18 \u8282\u7535\u82af\uff0c\u82af\u7247\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7 isoSPI \u63a5\u53e3\u7ea7\u8054\uff1a<\/p>\n
“`
\nLTC6811-1 (#1) \u2500\u2500isoSPI\u2500\u2500 LTC6811-1 (#2) \u2500\u2500isoSPI\u2500\u2500 … \u2500\u2500 MCU
\n \u2502 \u2502
\n 12 cells 12 cells
\n“`<\/p>\n
**\u4f18\u52bf**\uff1a\u6297\u5171\u6a21\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\u3001\u5e03\u7ebf\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u9694\u79bb
\n**\u52a3\u52bf**\uff1a\u82af\u7247\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8\u3001\u9700\u8981\u53d8\u538b\u5668\u9694\u79bb
\n**\u9002\u7528**\uff1a\u7535\u52a8\u6c7d\u8f66\u3001\u5927\u578b\u50a8\u80fd\uff08100V~800V \u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/p>\n
#### \uff082\uff09\u5dee\u5206\u8fd0\u653e + \u591a\u8def ADC<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u7cbe\u5bc6\u8fd0\u653e\uff08\u5982 INA149\uff09\u5bf9\u6bcf\u8282\u7535\u82af\u505a\u5dee\u5206\u8f6c\u5355\u7aef\uff0c\u518d\u7531 MCU \u5185\u7f6e ADC \u6216\u5916\u90e8\u591a\u8def ADC \u91c7\u96c6\uff1a<\/p>\n
**\u4f18\u52bf**\uff1a\u7269\u6599\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u3001BOM \u7075\u6d3b
\n**\u52a3\u52bf**\uff1a\u9ad8\u4e32\u6570\u65f6\u7535\u963b\u5206\u538b\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u5171\u6a21\u6291\u5236\u6bd4\u53d7\u9650
\n**\u9002\u7528**\uff1a\u4f4e\u4e32\u6570\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u22646S\uff09\u3001\u6d88\u8d39\u7535\u5b50\u3001\u7535\u52a8\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n
#### \uff083\uff09\u96c6\u6210\u5f0f AFE SoC<\/p>\n
TI BQ769x2\u3001MPS MP2791 \u7b49\u65b9\u6848\u5c06\u7535\u538b\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u7535\u6d41\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u5747\u8861\u9a71\u52a8\u96c6\u6210\u5728\u5355\u82af\u7247\u5185\uff1a<\/p>\n
**\u4f18\u52bf**\uff1a\u9ad8\u96c6\u6210\u5ea6\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\u77ed\u3001\u51fa\u5382\u6821\u51c6
\n**\u52a3\u52bf**\uff1a\u4e32\u6570\u4e0a\u9650\u56fa\u5b9a\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u53d7\u9650
\n**\u9002\u7528**\uff1a\u7535\u52a8\u4e24\u8f6e\u8f66\u3001\u4fbf\u643a\u50a8\u80fd\u3001\u8f7b\u578b\u52a8\u529b\u7535\u6c60<\/p>\n
### 2.2 ADC \u7cbe\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5206\u8fa8\u7387<\/p>\n
\u7535\u538b\u91c7\u96c6\u4e2d\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u662f ADC \u7684 **\u6709\u6548\u4f4d\u6570\uff08ENOB\uff09**\uff1a<\/p>\n
– **12-bit ADC**\uff1a\u5728 5V \u53c2\u8003\u7535\u538b\u4e0b\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u4e3a 1.22mV\/LSB\uff0c\u52c9\u5f3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u9502\u7535\u6c60 \u00b15mV \u7cbe\u5ea6\u9700\u6c42
\n– **14-bit ADC**\uff1a\u5206\u8fa8\u7387 0.305mV\/LSB\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e94\u7528
\n– **16-bit ADC**\uff1a\u5206\u8fa8\u7387 0.076mV\/LSB\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3 \u00b11mV \u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u573a\u666f\uff08\u5982 LFP \u78f7\u9178\u94c1\u9502\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u5e73\u5766\u7535\u538b\u5e73\u53f0\uff09<\/p>\n
> **\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5**\uff1aLFP \u7535\u6c60\u5728 30%~70% SOC \u533a\u95f4\u7535\u538b\u4ec5\u53d8\u5316 50~100mV\uff0c16 \u4f4d ADC \u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u5fc5\u5907\u6761\u4ef6\u3002NMC\/NCA \u4e09\u5143\u9502\u7535\u6c60\u5bf9 ADC \u8981\u6c42\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bbd\u677e\u3002<\/p>\n
### 2.3 \u6297\u6df7\u53e0\u6ee4\u6ce2<\/p>\n
\u7535\u538b\u91c7\u6837\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4f4e\u901a\u6ee4\u6ce2\uff1a<\/p>\n
– **\u622a\u6b62\u9891\u7387**\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u8bbe\u4e3a\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u7684 1\/5~1\/10
\n– **\u5178\u578b\u53c2\u6570**\uff1aR = 100\u03a9, C = 0.1\u03bcF \u2192 fc \u2248 16kHz
\n– **\u6ce8\u610f**\uff1a\u6ee4\u6ce2\u7535\u963b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u4e0e AFE \u8f93\u5165\u963b\u6297\u5206\u538b\u5f15\u5165\u8bef\u5dee<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
## 3. \u7535\u6d41\u91c7\u6837\u65b9\u6848<\/p>\n
\u7535\u6d41\u662f BMS \u4e2d**\u91c7\u96c6\u96be\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8**\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e93\u4ed1\u8ba1\u6570\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e14\u52a8\u6001\u8303\u56f4\u6781\u5927\uff08mA \u7ea7\u5f85\u673a\u5230\u6570\u767e A \u5cf0\u503c\u653e\u7535\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
### 3.1 \u5206\u6d41\u7535\u963b\uff08Shunt Resistor\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7535\u6c60\u56de\u8def\u4e32\u8054\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u5bc6\u4f4e\u963b\u503c\u7535\u963b\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u5176\u4e24\u7aef\u538b\u964d\uff1a<\/p>\n
$$
\nI = \\frac{V_{shunt}}{R_{shunt}}
\n$$<\/p>\n
**\u5173\u952e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53c2\u6570**\uff1a<\/p>\n
| \u53c2\u6570 | \u5178\u578b\u503c | \u8bf4\u660e |
\n|——|——–|——|
\n| \u963b\u503c | 0.1~1m\u03a9 | \u8d8a\u4f4e\u8d8a\u597d\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c0f\u529f\u8017 |
\n| \u529f\u7387 | 3~10W | I\u00b2R \u635f\u8017\u4e0e\u6563\u70ed |
\n| \u6e29\u6f02\uff08TCR\uff09 | \u00b150~100ppm\/\u00b0C | \u6e29\u5ea6\u5bf9\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd |
\n| \u7cbe\u5ea6 | \u00b10.1%~1% | \u521d\u59cb\u7cbe\u5ea6 |<\/p>\n
**\u8bbe\u8ba1\u793a\u4f8b**\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe 100A \u6ee1\u91cf\u7a0b\u30010.5m\u03a9 \u5206\u6d41\u7535\u963b\uff1a
\n– \u6ee1\u91cf\u7a0b\u538b\u964d\uff1a100A \u00d7 0.5m\u03a9 = 50mV
\n– \u529f\u7387\u635f\u8017\uff1a100\u00b2 \u00d7 0.0005 = 5W
\n– \u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u589e\u76ca\u4eea\u8868\u653e\u5927\u5668\uff08\u5982 INA226\uff09\u5c06 50mV \u653e\u5927\u5230 ADC \u6ee1\u91cf\u7a0b<\/p>\n
### 3.2 \u970d\u5c14\u4f20\u611f\u5668<\/p>\n
\u5229\u7528\u970d\u5c14\u6548\u5e94\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u78c1\u573a\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u975e\u63a5\u89e6\u5f0f\u7535\u6d41\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a<\/p>\n
**\u7c7b\u578b**\uff1a
\n– **\u5f00\u73af\u970d\u5c14**\uff1a\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u3001\u5e26\u5bbd\u4e2d\u7b49\uff08~50kHz\uff09\u3001\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7ea6 \u00b12%
\n– **\u95ed\u73af\u970d\u5c14**\uff1a\u7cbe\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff08\u00b10.5%\uff09\u3001\u5e26\u5bbd\u5bbd\uff08~200kHz\uff09\u3001\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8
\n– **\u78c1\u901a\u95e8\uff08Fluxgate\uff09**\uff1a\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6781\u9ad8\uff08\u00b10.1%\uff09\u3001\u9002\u5408\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5e93\u4ed1\u8ba1\u6570<\/p>\n
**\u9009\u578b\u8003\u91cf**\uff1a
\n– \u5206\u6d41\u7535\u963b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u4f53\u79ef\u3001\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u3001\u4e2d\u4f4e\u7535\u6d41\u573a\u666f
\n– \u970d\u5c14\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u7535\u6d41\uff08>200A\uff09\u3001\u9700\u8981\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u573a\u666f
\n– \u50a8\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e38\u7528\u5206\u6d41\u7535\u963b + \u9694\u79bb ADC\uff08\u5982 AMC1301\uff09<\/p>\n
### 3.3 \u53cc\u91cf\u7a0b\u7535\u6d41\u68c0\u6d4b<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u5927\u7535\u6d41\u52a8\u6001\u8303\u56f4\u4e0e\u5c0f\u7535\u6d41\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u9ad8\u7aef BMS \u91c7\u7528\u53cc\u91cf\u7a0b\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/p>\n
“`
\n \u250c\u2500 High Range: 0.1m\u03a9 shunt \u2192 \u00b1500A (\u00b10.5A\/LSB)
\nBattery \u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n \u2514\u2500 Low Range: 10m\u03a9 shunt \u2192 \u00b15A (\u00b10.1mA\/LSB)
\n“`<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7 MOSFET \u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u91cf\u7a0b\uff0c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc ADC \u901a\u9053\u540c\u65f6\u91c7\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n
> **TI INA229** \u662f 20 \u4f4d \u0394\u03a3 ADC \u96c6\u6210\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u652f\u6301 -40\u00b0C~125\u00b0C\uff0c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe \u00b10.1%\uff0c\u5728\u50a8\u80fd BMS \u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
## 4. \u6e29\u5ea6\u91c7\u96c6\u65b9\u6848<\/p>\n
### 4.1 \u4f20\u611f\u5668\u9009\u578b<\/p>\n
| \u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7c7b\u578b | \u7cbe\u5ea6 | \u6e29\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4 | \u6210\u672c | \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f |
\n|———–|——|———-|——|———-|
\n| **NTC \u70ed\u654f\u7535\u963b** | \u00b10.5~2\u00b0C | -40~125\u00b0C | \u6781\u4f4e | \u7535\u82af\u8868\u9762\u6d4b\u6e29\uff08\u4e3b\u6d41\u65b9\u6848\uff09 |
\n| **PTC \u70ed\u654f\u7535\u963b** | \u00b12~5\u00b0C | -40~150\u00b0C | \u4f4e | \u8fc7\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\uff08\u5f00\u5173\u578b\uff09 |
\n| **\u70ed\u7535\u5076\uff08TC\uff09** | \u00b11~2\u00b0C | -200~1800\u00b0C | \u4e2d | \u6781\u7aef\u6e29\u5ea6\u6d4b\u8bd5 |
\n| **\u6570\u5b57\u6e29\u5ea6 IC** | \u00b10.25~1\u00b0C | -55~125\u00b0C | \u4e2d | \u677f\u7ea7\u73af\u5883\u6d4b\u6e29\uff08DS18B20\/TMP117\uff09 |<\/p>\n
### 4.2 NTC \u6d4b\u6e29\u7535\u8def\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/p>\n
NTC \u70ed\u654f\u7535\u963b\u7684\u963b\u6e29\u5173\u7cfb\u7531 Steinhart-Hart \u65b9\u7a0b\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n
$$
\n\\frac{1}{T} = A + B \\ln(R) + C [\\ln(R)]^3
\n$$<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u5316\u7684 **Beta \u53c2\u6570\u65b9\u7a0b**\uff08\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e38\u7528\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n
$$
\nR_T = R_{25} \\cdot e^{\\beta\\left(\\frac{1}{T} – \\frac{1}{298.15}\\right)}
\n$$<\/p>\n
**\u5178\u578b\u5206\u538b\u7535\u8def**\uff1a<\/p>\n
“`
\nVREF \u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500 R_fixed \u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500 ADC_IN
\n \u2502 \u2502
\n \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 NTC \u2500\u2500 GND
\n \u2502
\n \u2514\u2500\u2500 C_filter \u2500\u2500 GND
\n“`<\/p>\n
– R_fixed \u901a\u5e38\u9009 NTC \u6807\u79f0\u963b\u503c\uff08\u5982 10k\u03a9 NTC \u2192 R_fixed = 10k\u03a9\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e2d\u70b9\u7535\u538b\u7ebf\u6027\u5ea6\u6700\u4f73
\n– C_filter \u7528\u4e8e\u6ee4\u9664\u7535\u78c1\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae 0.1\u03bcF~1\u03bcF
\n– \u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u627e\u8868\uff08LUT\uff09\u5c06 ADC \u8bfb\u6570\u7ebf\u6027\u5316\u4e3a\u6e29\u5ea6\u503c<\/p>\n
### 4.3 \u6d4b\u6e29\u70b9\u5e03\u7f6e\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n
“`
\n\u7535\u6c60\u6a21\u7ec4\u5e03\u5c40\uff1a
\n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 T1(\u6b63\u6781\u7aef) T2(\u4e2d\u5fc3) T3(\u8d1f\u6781\u7aef) \u2502 \u2190 \u7535\u82af\u8868\u9762 NTC
\n\u2502 T4(\u6c47\u6d41\u6392) T5(MOSFET) T6(PCB) \u2502 \u2190 \u529f\u7387\u5668\u4ef6 \/ \u73af\u5883
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518
\n“`<\/p>\n
**\u5e03\u7f6e\u539f\u5219**\uff1a
\n1. \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u7ec4\u81f3\u5c11 2~3 \u4e2a\u6d4b\u6e29\u70b9\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e0e\u8fb9\u7f18
\n2. \u5927\u7535\u6d41\u6c47\u6d41\u6392\u5904\u5fc5\u987b\u5355\u72ec\u6d4b\u6e29\uff08\u6e29\u5347\u96c6\u4e2d\u70b9\uff09
\n3. MOSFET \u529f\u7387\u7ba1\u9700\u8981\u7d27\u8d34\u5c01\u88c5\u6d4b\u6e29
\n4. MCU \/ AFE \u9644\u8fd1\u9884\u7559\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\u53c2\u8003\u70b9<\/p>\n
**\u91c7\u6837\u901f\u7387**\uff1a\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u7f13\u6162\uff0c1Hz \u91c7\u6837\u5373\u53ef\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u5feb\u5145\u573a\u666f\uff08\u6e29\u5ea6\u9661\u5347\uff09\u5e94\u63d0\u5347\u81f3 10Hz\u3002<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
## 5. \u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u6821\u51c6<\/p>\n
### 5.1 \u540c\u6b65\u91c7\u6837<\/p>\n
\u6240\u6709\u7535\u82af\u7535\u538b**\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u91c7\u96c6**\uff0c\u5426\u5219 SOC \/ SOH \u8ba1\u7b97\u4f1a\u56e0\u65f6\u5e8f\u504f\u5dee\u4ea7\u751f\u8bef\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n
– \u83ca\u82b1\u94fe AFE \u652f\u6301\u786c\u4ef6\u540c\u6b65\u89e6\u53d1\uff08GPIO \u540c\u6b65\u8109\u51b2\uff09
\n– \u72ec\u7acb ADC \u65b9\u6848\u9700\u4f7f\u7528 MCU \u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u540c\u6b65\u89e6\u53d1<\/p>\n
### 5.2 \u5728\u7ebf\u6821\u51c6\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n
| \u8bef\u5dee\u6e90 | \u6821\u51c6\u65b9\u6cd5 |
\n|——–|———-|
\n| ADC \u5931\u8c03\uff08Offset\uff09 | \u77ed\u8def\u8f93\u5165\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u504f\u7f6e\u503c\u5e76\u4ece\u6d4b\u91cf\u503c\u4e2d\u6263\u9664 |
\n| ADC \u589e\u76ca\uff08Gain\uff09 | \u8f93\u5165\u5df2\u77e5\u7cbe\u5bc6\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u589e\u76ca\u4fee\u6b63\u7cfb\u6570 |
\n| \u5206\u6d41\u7535\u963b\u6e29\u6f02 | \u6d4b\u6e29\u8865\u507f + \u591a\u9879\u5f0f\u4fee\u6b63 |
\n| NTC \u975e\u7ebf\u6027 | \u5206\u6bb5\u7ebf\u6027\u63d2\u503c\u6216 Beta \u53c2\u6570\u62df\u5408 |<\/p>\n
### 5.3 \u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2<\/p>\n
“`c
\n\/\/ \u6ed1\u52a8\u5e73\u5747\u6ee4\u6ce2 \u2014\u2014 \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\u538b\/\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08\u4f4e\u9891\u4fe1\u53f7\uff09
\nfloat moving_average(float new_sample) {
\n buffer[index] = new_sample;
\n index = (index + 1) % WINDOW_SIZE;
\n return sum(buffer) \/ WINDOW_SIZE;
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ IIR \u4f4e\u901a \u2014\u2014 \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\u6d41\uff08\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u5feb\u54cd\u5e94\uff09
\ny[n] = \u03b1 * x[n] + (1 – \u03b1) * y[n-1]; \/\/ \u03b1 = \u0394t \/ (RC + \u0394t)
\n“`<\/p>\n
\u7535\u538b\u548c\u6e29\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6ed1\u52a8\u5e73\u5747\uff08\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f 8~16\uff09\uff1b\u7535\u6d41\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u9636 IIR\uff08\u03b1 = 0.05~0.2\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u566a\u58f0\u6291\u5236\u4e4b\u95f4\u53d6\u5f97\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
## 6. AFE \u82af\u7247\u9009\u578b\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/p>\n
| \u82af\u7247\u578b\u53f7 | \u5382\u5546 | \u6700\u5927\u4e32\u6570 | \u7535\u538b ADC | \u7535\u6d41\u68c0\u6d4b | \u901a\u4fe1\u63a5\u53e3 | \u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528 |
\n|———-|——|———-|———-|———-|———-|———-|
\n| **LTC6811-1** | ADI | 12 | 16-bit \u0394\u03a3 | \u5916\u7f6e | isoSPI | \u6c7d\u8f66\/\u50a8\u80fd |
\n| **BQ79616** | TI | 16 | 14-bit SAR | \u5916\u7f6e | UART\/\u83ca\u82b1\u94fe | \u6c7d\u8f66 |
\n| **MP2791** | MPS | 14 | 14-bit \u0394\u03a3 | \u5185\u7f6e 16-bit | I\u00b2C\/SPI | \u8f7b\u578b\u52a8\u529b\/\u50a8\u80fd |
\n| **MAX17843** | ADI | 12 | 12-bit SAR | \u5916\u7f6e | UART\/SPI | \u6c7d\u8f66 ASIL-D |
\n| **BQ76952** | TI | 16 | 16-bit \u0394\u03a3 | \u5185\u7f6e 16-bit | I\u00b2C\/SPI | \u5de5\u4e1a\/\u4e24\u8f6e\u8f66 |
\n| **AMG8824A** | \u8fc8\u5de8\u5fae | 24 | 16-bit \u0394\u03a3 | \u5185\u7f6e 20-bit | UART\/I\u00b2C\/CAN | \u50a8\u80fd |<\/p>\n
### \u9009\u578b checklist<\/p>\n
1. **\u7535\u82af\u4e32\u6570\u5339\u914d**\uff1a\u7559 10%~20% \u4f59\u91cf
\n2. **\u901a\u4fe1\u9694\u79bb\u65b9\u5f0f**\uff1a\u9ad8\u538b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u9694\u79bb\uff08isoSPI \/ \u53d8\u538b\u5668\u8026\u5408\uff09
\n3. **ASIL \u7b49\u7ea7**\uff1a\u6c7d\u8f66\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u9700\u6c42\u9700\u9009 ASIL-B\/D \u8ba4\u8bc1
\n4. **\u5747\u8861\u80fd\u529b**\uff1a\u5185\u7f6e\u5747\u8861\u7535\u6d41\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\uff1f\uff08\u5178\u578b 50~200mA\uff09
\n5. **\u6e29\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4**\uff1aAFE \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ed3\u6e29\u9700\u8986\u76d6 -40\u00b0C~125\u00b0C<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
## 7. \u5c0f\u7ed3<\/p>\n
BMS \u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a**\u7cbe\u5bc6\u6d4b\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b**\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n
| \u4fe1\u53f7 | \u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6218 | \u63a8\u8350\u65b9\u6848 |
\n|——|———-|———-|
\n| \u7535\u538b | \u9ad8\u5171\u6a21\u3001\u591a\u901a\u9053\u540c\u6b65 | 16-bit \u0394\u03a3 AFE \u83ca\u82b1\u94fe |
\n| \u7535\u6d41 | \u5927\u52a8\u6001\u8303\u56f4\u3001\u4f4e\u6f02\u79fb | \u5206\u6d41\u7535\u963b + \u9694\u79bb ADC \/ \u53cc\u91cf\u7a0b |
\n| \u6e29\u5ea6 | \u591a\u70b9\u5206\u5e03\u3001\u975e\u7ebf\u6027 | NTC + \u5206\u538b\u7535\u8def + \u5206\u6bb5\u7ebf\u6027\u5316 |<\/p>\n
**\u8bbe\u8ba1\u91d1\u53e5**\uff1a\u91c7\u96c6\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6bcf\u63d0\u5347 1bit\uff0cSOC \u4f30\u7b97\u8bef\u5dee\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e 1%\u3002\u5728 BMS \u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\uff0cGarbage In = Garbage Out\u2014\u2014\u4f18\u8d28\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u4e0a\u5c42\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
*\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41 BMS \u91c7\u96c6\u65b9\u6848\u64b0\u5199\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9700\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u7535\u6c60\u53c2\u6570\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002*<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
— title: “BMS \u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\uff1a\u7535\u538b\u3001\u7535\u6d41\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u91c7\u6837\u65b9\u6848\u8be6\u89e3” da […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,38],"tags":[4,9,8],"class_list":["post-48","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bms","category-38","tag-bms","tag-9","tag-8"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmsvr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmsvr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmsvr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmsvr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmsvr.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=48"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bmsvr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":49,"href":"https:\/\/bmsvr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48\/revisions\/49"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmsvr.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=48"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmsvr.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=48"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmsvr.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=48"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}